are you following the Who Was She Project?

For the last several years, every March, I’ve done some kind of project for Women’s History Month, like Women’s History Reads or Read 99 Women. This year my project is taking place on social media instead of the blog, and I’m keeping it brief: one book recommendation per day, based on a woman from history whose name I think you should know. They range from civil rights pioneers and early feminist writers, to scientists and inventors, to self-made millionaires and Prohibition-era brewing company CEOs (really!)

On Twitter, you can follow me at @theladygreer or search for the tag #WhoWasShe; on Instagram, same handle, with the slightly longer #WhoWasSheProject tag.

And! Best of all, you can hop over to Bookshop and buy any of the books listed, and you’re benefiting indie bookstores without losing the convenience of ordering online. Win/win!

WomensHistoryReads interview: Juliette Fay

If you love reading about the early days of Hollywood, the behind-the-scenes combination of grit and glamour, you will absolutely love Juliette Fay’s latest, City of Flickering Light, just released today! I was lucky enough to read an early copy and absolutely devoured it. Her book The Tumbling Turner Sisters is one of my favorite takes on vaudeville. Turner fans will enjoy seeing a certain character’s return in this book.

So today seemed like the right day to introduce you to Juliette and her new novel! Fans of Taylor Jenkins Reid’s The Seven Husbands of Evelyn Hugo and Amy Bloom’s Lucky Us will especially love its intelligent, sympathetic take on the constant compromises, surprises and tragedies that accompany the quest for fame.

Welcome, Juliette!

Juliette Fay

Juliette Fay

Greer: What’s the last book that blew you away?

Juliette: I just loved A Well-Behaved Woman by Therese Anne Fowler. It’s about Alva Smith Vanderbilt Belmont who rose from half-starved teenager to be one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in the country. Along the way she aimed her keen mind and can-do personality at social causes like poverty and women's suffrage, and found true love. A fascinating story, carefully researched, and beautifully written.

I went to hear the author speak and she talked about how Alva had always been portrayed as aggressive, demanding, and bossy, and at first Fowler wrote the whole story with that perspective. Then she started thinking about how many men from history could be described in just the same way, but were considered great leaders with big ideas and admirably high standards. Fowler rewrote the entire book with the same angle on Alva. I love that she was able to see through what would have been considered terribly un-well-behaved at the time, to the bright, passionate, shrewd woman whose efforts impacted so many for the better.

Greer: Yes! It was a fabulous book and Fowler speaks about that issue so eloquently. Next question for you: Do you consider yourself a historian?

Juliette: I do not consider myself a historian, and this is the very thing that kept me from writing historical fiction for a long time, despite the fact that I love to read it. I kept thinking, “Don’t you have to have some sort of degree, or at least to have paid a little more attention in history class than I did?”

 Then I was between book ideas for a couple of months in 2013, which was really freaking me out, and I suddenly remembered that my great grandfather had been in vaudeville, and wouldn’t it be great to write a novel about that! It gave me the inspiration and courage to start researching. After a couple of months, when I felt I had a solid command of the facts I was able to start writing the story.

So while I’m still not a historian, I found I really love learning all this crazy stuff, whether it’s historical facts, medical conditions, fashion, food, politics, language and jargon, old jokes to pepper the dialogue of my Jewish comedians in the book about vaudeville (The Tumbling Turner Sisters), or crazy stunts to give my silent film actors in my latest book, City of Flickering Light. And because I’m still a little insecure about it, I’m fanatical about getting the facts right. 

Greer: Your dedication shows! You’re so good at working those details in. Last question: What book, movie or TV show would your readers probably be surprised to find out you love?

Juliette: I’m a huge fan of historical shows, of course—The Crown, The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel, Victoria, Poldark. I also love shows with interesting structures, like This Is Us, where the timeframe is bouncing all over the place. 

But my guilty pleasure is Roswell, New Mexico. There, I’ve said it. 

If you believe the conspiracy theories, Roswell, NM is the site of a crashed alien ship and a vast government cover-up. The show is based on the premise that three little alien kids emerged from that crash with no knowledge of where they came from and what they’re capable of. Now in their late twenties, they’re still desperately trying to pass as humans so the government won’t spirit them away and do experiments on them. 

I think what I like about it is that it’s just pure emotion. Of course, they’ve each fallen in love with humans, which is complicated—there’s a whole Romeo-and-Juliet thing going on with “us” and “them.” It’s all angst and heartache and unexpected couplings. You have to suspend disbelief hard and just go with it. No real nutritional value, but who doesn’t love a hot fudge sundae once in a while!

Greer: Reciprocal confession: I was a huge fan of the original “Roswell” in the ‘90s. Such a sundae.

Juliette: Question for you: In your latest book, Woman 99 (which I cannot wait to get my hands on, as I completely loved Girl in Disguise), what was the most interesting piece of information you dug up in your research, whether you actually used it in the book or not?

Greer: There’s so much that doesn’t make it into the book, right? We always find more than we can use. For Woman 99 specifically, the asylum setting was my biggest research challenge — it had to be realistic and accurate to the period without being completely depressing and exhausting for the reader. So I didn’t go deep on some of the uglier “treatments,” though I worked in a passing mention of the one I found most shocking: the utterly quack-y idea that there was a link between dental health and mental health. The idea that pulling a depressed patient’s teeth out would somehow help them seems ridiculous to us now, but it was a real thing that happened. And here’s the extra-creepy part: Dr. Henry Cotton, who did a lot of this “focal infection therapy” in the early 1900s, believed so strongly that infections of the teeth spread to the mind that he removed his wife’s and children’s teeth just in case. Ew! Truth is creepier than fiction!


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Read more at JulietteFay.com.

WomensHistoryReads interview: Jess Montgomery

Pioneering women in law enforcement have never gotten their due. Within the past few years, historical fiction readers may have learned the names of Constance Kopp (from Amy Stewart’s books) or Kate Warne (from mine), but there are dozens, even hundreds, of names like theirs we could know.

Add Maude Collins to the list. She was Jess Montgomery’s inspiration for The Widows, and you’ll learn more about her — and Jess — in today’s Q&Q&Q&A.

Jess Montgomery

Jess Montgomery

Greer: Tell us about a woman (or group of women) from the past who has inspired your writing.

Jess: In THE WIDOWS, my protagonist Lily Ross is inspired by Ohio's true first female sheriff in 1925, Maude Collins. Maude became sheriff in Vinton County when her husband, Fletcher, was sadly killed in the line of duty. After his funeral, she was packing up in the sheriff's house for her and her five children when the county commissioners came by and asked her to fill in for Fletcher. She did so, and in 1926 ran for office in her own right--and won. I was struck when I learned of Maude by how challenging serving as a sheriff in such circumstances would be now--what's more, nearly a hundred years ago. Then I began imagining what it would be like for a young woman to lose her sheriff husband but under mysterious circumstances, and the lengths she might go to to find out the truth. Thus, Lily was born--a character in her own right. I am blessed to have several aunts who were very tough women who were also leaders in male dominated work fields, so I drew on them as well for the spiritual inspiration for Lily.

Greer: If you could pick one woman from history to put in every high school history textbook, who would it be?

Jess: Mary Harris Jones, a.k.a., Mother Jones (1837-1903). She was a dynamo labor organizer--including for the United Mine Workers. She became an organizer after her husband and four children all died of yellow fever, and she lost her dress shop in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. She was known as "the most dangerous woman" in America in 1902 for her efforts to help mine workers organize into unions.  She is the spiritual inspiration for Marvena Whitcomb, a widow and mine union organizer in my novel THE WIDOWS.  I love Mother Jones for her feisty spirit and passion for the working class. After such a terrible loss, it would have been understandable if she'd given up--but she didn't. Learning about her is a way to also learn about the history of workers' rights, unions, and women's rights. Her name is also the inspiration for Mother Jones magazine, which I think high school students would find fascinating!

Greer: Do you consider yourself a historian?

Jess: Not at all! But I do love researching the settings and times for my novels in great detail and am indebted to actual historians. I also love to dig into source material (newspapers of the day, for example) as much as possible. I very much want to get all the historical details right, without turning my novel into an historical treatise. 

My question for you: To me, historical fiction is a chance to time-travel a bit into the past--which is fun--but it is also so much more than that. It's a way to see the present, and perhaps even the near future, with a fresh perspective. For example, women's rights have certainly progressed since 1925, but by looking at women's roles in the 1920s, we can also see the ways in which some attitudes haven't changed. Do you think of historical fiction as a lens for looking afresh at the present?

Greer: Absolutely! I’m fond of saying that historical fiction is a way of looking at how far we’ve come and how far we have yet to go. Anyone who brushes off historical fiction as irrelevant because it’s about things that happened a long time ago is really missing out. And historical fiction that uses history as a jumping-off point can really be enjoyed twice: once, while you’re reading the fictional story, and a second time, as you search out the real history that inspired the novel. Reading and enjoying, reading and learning — what could be better?

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For more on Jess:

Web and blog: www.jessmontgomeryauthor.com

Facebook: @JessMontgomeryAuthor

Instagram: @JessMontgomeryAuthor

Twitter: @JessM_Author

WomensHistoryReads interview: Stephanie Barron

I used to live in Brooklyn Heights, billed as “America’s first suburb,” built when people first realized that living right next to New York had some advantages over living in New York itself. Because of its age, there’s a historical house around nearly every corner. One day, strolling around Henry Street on the far side of Atlantic, I checked out a plaque: 426 Henry Street was the birthplace of Jennie Jerome, Winston Churchill’s mother. Winston Churchill’s mother was American? I thought. I need to know that story.

So when I saw the cover of Stephanie Barron’s That Churchill Woman, I knew it was the story I, and plenty of other people, had been waiting to read.

Stephanie Barron

Stephanie Barron

Greer: Tell us about a woman (or group of women) from the past who has inspired your writing. 

Stephanie: There's no question in my mind that the women who preceded Jane Austen--the women she read, like Anne Radcliffe, Fanny Burney, Maria Edgeworth, Aphra Behn, and others--were strong, independent, and daring writers. In some cases they wrote for financial survival; in all cases, from intellectual and emotional need. They were highborn and low, personally secure or clinging by their fingernails to respectability; but each had a voice and was determined to express it. Along the way, they revolutionized what was generally a male-framed world. Austen's genius is that she also advanced the novel form in ways that neither men nor women before her did, by pursuing a linear and internally coherent narrative; she learned from those she read and improved upon them stylistically. One of the great gifts to scholarship in women's literature is Chawton House, one of the estates that belonged to Jane's brother Edward, which houses a center for the study of Early Women's Writing. I can't think of a greater tribute to Jane and her work. (I should also say that I have authored a mystery series with Jane Austen as the main character, and have been an ardent Janeite from the age of 12, so perhaps I'm biased.)

Greer: Do you consider yourself a historian?

Stephanie: It depends upon the audience I'm talking to, honestly. I hesitate to proclaim myself an historian because I left a doctoral program in history at Stanford without writing my dissertation--I am what is known as ABD, "all-but-dissertation," meaning I passed my Orals but never penned the opus. This had to do with several things: I found as I journeyed through graduate school that I was more interested in the PEOPLE I studied than in the sweeping historical trends of demographics or economics, and the field was tilted in the latter direction when I was in school. I also found the academic community less than congenial. I far prefer writing fiction about historical figures--and I draw heavily on every single skill I learned, as a student of history for seven years, to do it. Those are techniques and principals I discuss with readers when we talk about historical fiction--so that those who like my work feel reassured that it's based on exploration of the existing record, even when I choose to diverge from it. I've been lucky enough to write about Queen Victoria, Virginia Woolf, Jack Kennedy, Ian Fleming, and Allen Dulles; most lately, of course, about Jennie Jerome Churchill, Winston's outrageous American mother. I love exploring a particular moment through the life and mind of an era's standout people.

Greer: What do you find most challenging or most exciting about researching historical women?

Stephanie: The effort required to unpack the truth of their inner lives from the multiple layers of obfuscation, distraction, and sheer bias that result from most women's habitual depiction at the hands of male historians. Take Jennie Churchill, for example--I have spent a lot of time researching her son Winston for several of my WII spy novels (JACK 1939, THE ALIBI CLUB, TOO BAD TO DIE) written as Francine Mathews. I grew increasingly frustrating that the parent who clearly shaped him most, his mother, was consistently dismissed as frivolous, irrelevent, self-centered, neglectful, even nymphomaniacal--when Winston himself unequivocally adored her. I stepped back and looked at the fact that most of HIS biographers were male and British, and deplored the fact that England's greatest hero was only...half-English. It is the greatest source of indignation among conservative British historians of a certain male school, that Jennie was a Dollar Princess, and independent woman raised by her father to be fearless and joyous, a woman of considerable intelligence, broad experience, virtuosic artistic ability, and strong political opinions--a woman who would have thrived in this era, but was way ahead of her own. It's been immensely satisfying to present her to a current audience, and allow them to evaluate her for themselves.

My question for you: What compelled you to write WOMAN 99?

Greer: I did feel compelled! I was inspired by Nellie Bly’s intrepid journey undercover in an insane asylum in 1887, but I didn’t want to write a journalist character or just replicate what Nellie had done — if you want to read what Nellie did, after all, you can read her account — and that was where Charlotte Smith came from. And the extra little odd bit of inspiration was that at the time I was obsessed with thrumming beat and threatening lyrics of the Elvis Costello song "Don’t Want to Go To (Chelsea),” which includes lines like “Men come screaming/Dressed in white coats/Shake you very gently by the throat.” It seemed like a sign to write the asylum idea I had in mind. Sometimes the world gives us a nudge.

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WomensHistoryReads interview: Chanel Cleeton

It has become increasingly clear to me that I’m going to run out of March before I run out of WomensHistoryReads interviews! Again. But, as I said over on History in the Margins, having a Special Month is no excuse not to call attention to great books by and/or about women the rest of the year. And the rest of the year starts, well, next Monday.

But we’ve got one more week of Women’s History Month proper, and I’m happy to kick it off with this Q&Q&Q&A with Chanel Cleeton, whose real-life historical inspiration comes from the women in her family. You’ve likely read her blockbuster Next Year in Havana — read below to find out what you can look forward to next (and soon!) from Chanel.

Chanel Cleeton

Chanel Cleeton

Greer: What’s the last book that blew you away?

Chanel: I’ve been really fortunate to have some amazing reads lately, but one that instantly comes to mind is The Map of Salt and Stars by Jennifer Zeynab Joukhadar. From the first page, I was captivated. The writing is so lyrical and stunning that I found myself swept away. It’s a dual timeline novel set eight hundred years apart in Syria, and is beautiful, breathtaking, and heartbreaking. The modern-day story of a young Syrian refugee and her family and the extraordinary lengths they go to in order to survive is one that has really stuck with me. It’s a tremendously powerful book that I cannot recommend enough. 

Greer: Tell us about a woman (or group of women) from the past who has inspired your writing.

Chanel: My most recent books, Next Year in Havana and When We Left Cuba, have largely been inspired by women in my family, particularly my grandmother. My grandmother lived with us growing up and we had a special bond. She used to tell me stories of her life in Cuba and she passed on so much of our history and culture to me, and really gave me a great appreciation for where I came from. She was a strong, unapologetic, fierce woman and I’ve injected a lot of her spirit into my characters. My grandmother was pregnant with my father during the Cuban Revolution and lived through a tumultuous time in the eight years she lived in Cuba under Castro’s regime and then her exile to the United States. I was inspired by her strength and courage when writing Next Year in Havana and When We Left Cuba and strove to honor her legacy with my words. 

Greer: What’s your next book about and when will we see it?

Chanel: My next book, When We Left Cuba, will be out on April 9, 2019. While it can be read as a standalone, it follows the story of Beatriz Perez (the sister of my heroine from Next Year in Havana) after her family has arrived in the United States following Fidel Castro’s rise to power in Cuba. Living in South Florida, Beatriz becomes involved in a plot with the CIA to assassinate Fidel Castro, and the novel follows the turbulent Cuban-American relations of the 1960s including the Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, and Kennedy Assassination. 

Question for you: What characteristics inspire you when choosing a real-life heroine for your books? 

Greer: It’s a bit of a challenge to choose — there are so many more fascinating, untold (or at least under-told) stories than I could possibly tackle! I’m most inspired by women who bucked the trends of their time, but I also prefer characters who aren’t entirely good or entirely evil. After all, that’s not what we’re like in real life, right? Also, sometimes I stick fairly close to what’s known, as with Kate Warne in Girl in Disguise, and sometimes history is more of a jumping-off point, as with Nellie Bly and Woman 99. In Nellie’s case, she was a journalist, so if you want to read about her undercover adventures at Blackwell’s Island, you can already do that, since she documented them. So I took that inspiration and created a character who does one of the things Nellie did — feign insanity to infiltrate an insane asylum — but for her own reasons. That’s where Charlotte Smith came from. And that way I get to draw on a host of different stories to synthesize a coherent story with a satisfying ending. Which doesn’t always happen in real life.

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WomensHistoryReads interview: Julia Kelly

Hello from the road! Or at least the train tracks. It’s my most whirlwind segment of the Woman 99 book tour, so I’m writing this from a 6am train and hoping desperately the Amtrak wi-fi can hold up its end of the bargain.

Today’s guest is Julia Kelly, author of The Light Over London, and like many of the authors I interview for this series, she has an amazing story of women of the past to share with the world. Have you heard of the Gunner Girls? I hadn’t! For more, here’s Julia…

Julia Kelly

Julia Kelly


Greer: Tell us about a woman (or group of women) from the past who has inspired your writing.

Julia: My favorite thing about writing is introducing readers to incredible women they may never have heard of before. For The Light Over London, I wanted to tell the stories of the Gunner Girls, a group of British women who worked in mixed gender anti-aircraft gun batteries in World War II. They did everything on the guns except for pull the trigger. (Firing a gun was considered to be active combat, which Parliament said only men could engage in.) The Gunner Girls were incredibly brave women who made a serious contribution to fighting in Britain and on the Continent.


Greer: Play matchmaker: what unsung woman from history would you most like to read a book about, and who should write it?

Julia: I am dying to read a modern biography of Nancy Wake, the infamous World War II spy. She was brash and bold, earning her nickname the “White Mouse” for all the times she slipped through the Gestapo’s fingers as they tried to hunt her down. I actually wrote about Wake for my Lightseekers series, which is all about incredible women during World War II. Who knows, maybe I’ll write the book myself!

Greer: Nancy Wake’s name has been cropping up more and more lately — can’t wait to find out more about her! Ariel Lawhon has a novel about her in the works, I believe. Last question: What book, movie or TV show would your readers probably be surprised to find out you love?

Julia: I love a good murder mystery, whether I’m reading or watching TV. I always love books on the grittier end of the spectrum like Val McDermid or Peter May—both great Scottish authors. For TV shows, I’m happiest watching programs like Endeavour, Grantchester, and Luther.

And a question for you: What was the book that first got you interested in history?

Greer: Great question! I’m afraid I don’t have a brilliant answer. But I do distinctly remember being fascinated and thrilled by my European history course in college, not just because of the facts — I love facts — but the words! The names! I walked around muttering “Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen” under my breath for at least a month.

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WomensHistoryReads interview: Jen Deaderick

After wearing myself out publishing an interview a day for last year’s #WomensHistoryReads series, which ended up continuing for a full month after Women’s History Month was over, this year I cut way back. Only for March, I said. And only for novelists.

Well, I’ll be breaking both of those rules, as it turns out. But hey, women throughout history have had to break rules to get things done, right? Right.

I couldn’t resist inviting historian Jen Deaderick to the blog to talk about her new book SHE THE PEOPLE, an illustrated history so necessary, Hillary Clinton herself took to Instagram to offer congrats. (Personally, my heart beat faster when I saw the comment, and it’s not even my book!)

A little peek behind the curtain: I offer my interviewees about 10 questions and they choose 3, and it’s always fascinating to see what gets chosen. Of most interest, of course, are the answers! On to Jen’s.

Jen Deaderick; drawn by Rita Sapunor

Jen Deaderick; drawn by Rita Sapunor

(The illustrated headshot is genius, isn’t it? Click here for more of Rita Sapunor’s work.)

Greer: Do you consider yourself a historian?

Jen: This is the first question that jumped out at me from the list. It’s been a bigger question for me than I would have expected. A few months ago, I was having lunch with Jaclyn Friedman (who wrote the amazing Unscrewed), and she was giving me a hard time for not calling myself a historian. She was incredulous that I was writing a book on history, and yet wouldn’t give myself the title.

Maybe it’s living in such an academic town that makes me so reluctant. It seems like the title “historian” is something you earn with a degree. I did briefly pursue a masters degree in Public History at Northeastern, but I couldn’t afford it. I realized I could do the projects I wanted to do without spending thousands of dollars that I didn’t have. Still, I’m grateful for the semester I had there. I took a theory and methodology class, and that’s been helpful in my work. My fellow students were also great, and I was thrilled to meet them and have amazing conversations with them once a week. It was a terrific break from hanging out with a toddler, which was my main occupation then, and teaching intro to computers classes, which was my other occupation.

Now that I have a book that is officially classified as a history book, I’m revisiting the word. I suppose I can call myself a historian now, but I have to ease into it.

Greer: I’ll call you a historian, if that helps! (I added it to the introduction as soon as I saw this.) Next question: What’s the last book that blew you away?

Jen: The Library Book by Susan Orlean. She goes so deep in it, while also telling the history in such a compelling way. Her writing always makes me feel like I am walking along next to her as she takes me through the narrative. I love her confidence in describing the fire as if she witnessed it herself. It’s an amazing accomplishment.

It was particularly compelling to read it while I was waiting for my own book to be published. It’s powerful to think of something I created contributing to the conversation she describes.

Greer: What’s your next book about and when will we see it?/Tell us about a woman from the past who has inspired your writing.

Jen: I’m smooshing these questions together because they’re connected for me.

Back when I was in my twenties, I was hanging out with my Grandma, who was born in 1908, and very cockily said that when I got married, of COURSE I would marry someone who did half the housework. She replied, “that’s what we thought.” It blew my mind.

My grandmother was no radical feminist. She would get very upset if she was called Mrs. Rosalind Deaderick in formal correspondence instead of Mrs. Alfred V. Deaderick. She counseled me not to wear sneakers too often, to keep my feet from “spreading.” She never wore pants. Still, the feminist wave that led up to the passage of the 19th amendment, and the changes in gender roles that followed, had impacted her. She’d grown up in the Bronx, which gave her a proximity to the massive changes happening.

That exchange, and other chats with her, made me realize how complicated the history of women’s rights was, and helped inspire me to eventually write this book.

Grandma was also the person who got me interested in genealogy and how it connected us personally with history and the passage of time in general. I very clearly remember another day with her,  later in my 20s, when we sat and looked through photo albums together. She told me stories about these family members that were long gone, and as she did, I realized I was going though some of the same experiences they had, and was asking some of the same questions about my life. It gave me a perspective that I hadn’t had before, and made me clearly realize that all of the past had only happened through a series of choices made within a context over which we often had very little control. No one knows how anything will turn out, we just keep going, and that’s always been true.

My grandfather was from a prominent Southern family, and my Yankee grandma had needed to learn their history to get in good with his kin. At some point in my late teens or early twenties, I was given the family history that had been passed down since my distant cousin, Anna Mary Moon, had written it around 1933. It’s really racist, and speaks very casually about the slaves my ancestors owned, and the Native Americans they killed.

My mother was given a copy when she married my Dad, and has never recovered from the horror she felt while reading it. As an actual descendant, I’ve had to really wrestle with what this family history means to me. In my next book, I want to talk about that history, and the long tradition of women passing along family history, often building glorious myths about their male ancestors along the way. In SHE THE PEOPLE, I talk about the central role of the United Daughters of the Confederacy in passing along the Lost Cause myth, and I want to expand on that, and weave in my own family history along the way. I see the book as a response to Anna Mary Moon’s.

Greer: Sounds fantastic. Can’t wait.

Jen: My question for you: Regarding the role so many women have played in helping to create male myths, both through genealogy and published scholarly works, is there a greater obligation on female historians to tell women’s stories? Additionally, how do our experiences as women impact the ways in which we tell men’s stories, if they do?

Greer: Ooh, that is a BIG question. I will try to appropriately size my answer.

I think we should write what moves us. The appetite of the historian, or the historical novelist, to dig deep and write hard on a story that she’s passionate about — that strikes me as the most important thing, right off. That said, I’m sure there are people out there writing all sorts of horribly racist, misogynistic, offensive stories — including these faux-glorious male myths — who would defend those stories with plenty of passion. (They would also probably argue that they’re “just telling the truth,” as if “truth” and “something someone wrote down once” were synonymous.) There will always be women who want to tell men’s stories and men who want to tell women’s stories, and I’m not one to draw a hard line and say that can’t be done beautifully.

But there is no getting around the fact that men’s history tends to be overdocumented and overexplored, and women’s history tends to be underdocumented and underexplored. So in that way, yes, I think responsible historians should lean toward women’s stories and the stories of underrepresented groups of any gender. We don’t need more George Washington on America’s collective bookshelf. Find and tell the stories we don’t know by heart. I want the names Kate Warne, Irena Sendler and Ida B. Wells to be as familiar as John Wilkes Booth, Oskar Schindler and W.E.B. DuBois. And it’s not as if introducing these lesser-known names replaces the better-known ones: there is so much capacity to make history bigger. Add Sophie Scholl alongside Anne Frank, Claudette Colvin alongside Rosa Parks, Elizabeth Bisland alongside Nellie Bly. That’s what I want to see.

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WomensHistoryReads interview: Kip Wilson

I’ve interviewed historians, novelists, biographers, and many other types of writers for my WomensHistoryReads series, but today’s Q&Q&Q&A is a first for me: interviewing a “verse novelist!” Kip Wilson’s White Rose is a debut YA novel-in-verse about Sophie Scholl, a young student who fought the rise of the Nazis with passionate political activism and, unfortunately, paid a high price. Early reviews have been excellent and I can’t wait to get my hands on a copy. White Rose is slated for release on April 2, 2019.

Kip Wilson

Kip Wilson

Greer: How would you describe what you write?

Kip: Content-wise, I tend to be drawn to tragic stories that feature courageous young women, which is a pretty accurate description of Sophie Scholl and WHITE ROSE. In general, I’m fascinated by the first half of the twentieth century, an era still rife with such stories yearning to be told. Most all of my projects take place during this time.

Beyond this, as a verse novelist, my writing is necessarily sparse. I need to be able to distill what might be a page or even pages of prose into key phrases, emotions, and images. This might not seem like a good fit for historical fiction—often known for lengthy description and detailed settings—but I’ve found that verse allows me to go deeper into the protagonist’s head and emotions. The brevity of poetry lends itself really well to tragic situations, and the whitespace helps balance the heaviness of the words on the page, giving the reader room to breathe.

Greer: What’s the last book that blew you away?

Kip: I recently read FLYGIRL by Sherri L. Smith and it was amazing in every way (starting with the gorgeous cover). FLYGIRL tells the story of Ida Mae Jones, a white-passing WASP during World War II. When we look at some of the difficulties women faced throughout history, we have to remember how much more difficult all of these things were for women of color, and this novel does an excellent job of placing the reader in that exact situation, highlighting the triumphs along with those difficulties. The story is based on what real WASP went through during training and beyond, along with the racism POC faced both in the military and civilian life. Ida Mae and the other characters are so rich and nuanced—I’d follow them anywhere.

Greer: Play matchmaker: what unsung woman from history would you most like to read a book about, and who should write it?

Kip: I would love to read a novel about Freddie Oversteegen, her sister Truus, and their friend Hannie Schaft, Dutch resistance fighters during World War II who seduced and killed Nazi soldiers. I think bestselling author Marieke Nijkamp would do a fantastic job researching and writing their story. 

And a question for you: we hear about certain women from history again and again while others have all but faded into the archives. How do you find the ones you think aren’t overdone but might garner enough interest from readers? For instance, how did you come across Kate Warne and decide that GIRL IN DISGUISE had the makings of a compelling story?

Greer: I love this question! I hope that one day there are so many books about Kate Warne that when a new one comes out, people groan and say, “Oh, not another one!” But we’re a long way from that, aren’t we? Kate’s an interesting case because there’s just so little in the historical record about her. Which is a common problem with researching women in history. But even with World War II history — arguably the most popular era for historical fiction in our time — there are women who have inspired a handful of tales, like the Russian night bombing squadron known as the Night Witches, and some whose names are still rarely heard, like Nancy Wake, the White Mouse. And records really can’t be an excuse there. I literally just learned last week that Christian Dior’s sister Catherine Dior was a spy for Polish intelligence and was imprisoned in a concentration camp before being freed and testifying against her Nazi captors. Now isn’t that a story we should know? I think nearly any story can be compelling if told expertly, but there are definitely some that are easier to tell than others. I’m just glad that we’re writing in a time where people are open to historical fiction as a way of learning more about the past. I think it’s an amazingly powerful tool.

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WomensHistoryReads interview: Jennifer Robson

Some books just make you say Ooh! when you hear about them. Maybe they seem particularly original, or cover a subject you’re particularly interested in, or delve deeper into a story you’ve always wanted to know more about. In my case, the Ooh! when I heard about Jennifer Robson’s The Gown had to do with my background — when I was growing up, my mom had her own business designing and sewing wedding gowns, so when I heard Robson had written about the women behind the gorgeous embroidery on Queen Elizabeth’s wedding dress, I was dying to know more. And thousands of readers seem to agree, putting The Gown on the bestseller lists at The Globe and Mail. (If you’re saying Ooh! about this book too, if you hurry, you might even be able to get in on this Goodreads giveaway!)

Jennifer Robson

Jennifer Robson

Greer: How would you describe what you write?

Jennifer: If you’d asked me this a few years ago, I’d have said historical fiction, straight up. But I’ve been thinking about my approach to historical fiction recently, and now I’d say my work falls into the realm of the “plausible meeting the possible”: I find blank spaces in recorded history and then create characters who fill those gaps in a realistic and convincing way. My characters – often living in the shadow of well-known historical figures – are products of my imagination, but the world in which they live and the events that affect their lives are drawn entirely from the historical record.

Greer: I love that! Next question: do you consider yourself a historian?

Jennifer: I do, to the point that I find it hard at times to remember that I’m also a writer. I grew up in a house that revolved around history – my father is an academic who taught the history of the world wars for almost fifty years – and I went to graduate school with the intention of becoming a history professor as well. By the time I obtained my doctorate in 1997, however, the job market had pretty much dried up for specialists in British social history. I turned to editing instead, and spent a decade doing that before I listened to the “tug on the sleeve of my heart,” as Anne Lamott terms it, and started work on my first novel. But I still approach everything I do with the mindset of a historian.

Greer: What do you find most challenging or most exciting about researching historical women?

Jennifer: The challenge, as I’m sure you’ve also found, is the absence of women from so much of our recorded history. Women’s voices are missing in so many of the sources we consult, and at times I’ve been tempted to start screaming when I hit yet another dead end in my research. (Of course, such moments only occur in the stuffiest and most solemn libraries!) But those absences can also be exciting, in that they provoke me to dig deeper and think more creatively.

When I was researching The Gown, for example, I expected to find some evidence of contemporary interest in the women who made Princess Elizabeth’s wedding gown, but no one, among the thousands of journalists who flocked to Britain in 1947 to cover the wedding, interviewed or even discussed the work done by the actual women who made the gown. And that void in the historical record propelled me to take a different approach to my research. If I couldn’t learn from the women who made the gown then, I could learn from women doing similar work today, and so I went to England to learn from the master embroiderers at Hand & Lock. Not only did I gain incredibly valuable insights into the approaches and techniques used by skilled embroiderers, but I also was put in touch with Betty Foster, the last surviving seamstress who worked on the gown, and her insights transformed my understanding of the lives of my characters. But I never would have found Betty if I hadn’t run into those brick walls early in my research.

And my question for you: Is there a great canonical classic that you keep meaning to read but haven’t yet opened? (For me it’s Buddenbrooks by Thomas Mann, which my father loves to the point of obsession; I worry I’ll hate it, so my copy is still gathering dust.)

Greer: There are rather a lot of gaps in my literary education, so there are probably a boatload of classics I should read, but here’s the one I actually feel bad about: I’ve never read Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina. I’m sure I will love it. It comes up constantly. But between everything I read for research, for blurbs, for keeping current in my field, not to mention all of those pesky non-reading tasks (writing, children, etc.) in my life… it just hasn’t made it to the top of the list. Maybe I need to make that a goal for 2020!

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For more about Jennifer and her books, visit http://www.jennifer-robson.com.

WomensHistoryReads interview: Paula Butterfield

It’s no secret that women in the arts have long struggled to achieve the recognition of their male peers, and the Impressionists are no exception. The average museum’s Impressionist exhibit might include only one or two female painters of the period, but if you’re lucky, you’ll see a Morisot in among the Monets and Manets. Paula Butterfield’s La Luministe, about Berthe Morisot, was just released, making this the perfect time to interview her for this series. Welcome, Paula!

Paula Butterfield

Paula Butterfield


Greer: Tell us about a woman from the past who has inspired your writing.

Paula: Today Frida Kahlo is a well-known Mexican artist who is the inspiration for everything from merchandise to memes. But when I first encountered Frida in an art history class at the Universidad de la Americas, in Mexico, I had never heard of her. 

During my sophomore year of college, I lost both of my parents. Although pursuing an education was engrained in me, I was in too much pain to face a gloomy Pacific Northwest winter that year, which is how I found myself at school in Mexico. Right away, I was homesick, with no home to go to. When I’d trudge to the campus post office, the postal worker would bring out a pile of B letters to wade through. There were few for me but another B student, the daughter of a celebrity, seemed to receive reams of mail every day with her father’s name stamped on the envelope. I was livid with envy. Why did SHE get to have a doting father, one who no doubt sent her frequent large sums of money? 

Then one day that celebrity’s daughter stood up to give an oral report, Frida’s story. I listened to the litany of Frida’s physical trials—childhood polio and being impaled by the handrail in a street car accident which led to subsequent miscarriages, spinal surgeries, and ultimately the amputation of her leg. And then there was the emotional turmoil of being Diego Rivera’s wife. His fame eclipsed hers, and he was incessantly unfaithful.

My God, this woman knew pain! And yet her paintings were unlike anything I’d ever seen. Self-portraits in which she adorned herself as a work of art. Backgrounds filled with animals from her menagerie, pre-Columbian artifacts, and lush foliage. Vivid colors made each painting look joyful and life-affirming. One was even titled Viva la Vada—live life. 

As an art-history major in days of yore, I’d only been introduced to only two women—Mary Cassatt and Georgia O’Keeffe. Examination of their work was so cursory that it didn’t occur to me that either artist might have something to say to me. But Frida Kahlo did. She might as well have been standing in that classroom, shouting, “Yes, there’s pain! Use it to create something that celebrates life.”

My favorite form of creativity as a child had always been writing stories or plays. But it wasn’t until Frida encouraged me that I began concentrating on writing. It’s been a long road, but my debut novel, La Luministe, released on March 15. (P.S. I learned my lesson about pre-judging people, even ones who are wealthy and fame-adjacent.) 

Greer: What is most challenging or exciting about researching historical women?

Paula: When I started teaching courses about women in the arts during the last days of Second Wave Feminism, there were no textbooks available. But I must give a shout-out to Karen Peterson and J.J. Wilson, who wrote Women Artists: Recognition & Reappraisal, surely the first survey of women in Western Art. Before I discovered that book, I had to collate one of those compilations of articles and essays that students love so well. That was the challenge.

The exciting part about researching women artists during those years was that Nancy Drew-style scholars were making new discoveries. Cleaning a painting attributed to Franz Hals revealed Judith Leyster’s signature! Music by Clara Schumann was discovered in an attic! I stayed up all night when the catalogue for Judy Chicago’s The Dinner Party came out. Reading the mini-biographies of 1,000 women of achievement made my heart race.

Today, women artists are having a moment. This year, we can see work by 20thc. women artists in Vienna (Sothebys, through May 19), Sixty Years of Work by Female Artists (Tate, London, opens in April), the Pre-Raphaelite Sisters (National Portrait Gallery, London, open in October), Lavinia Fontana and Sofonisba Anguissola (Prado, Madrid, also opens in October), and tipping over into 2020, a Joan Mitchell retrospective (San Francisco, SFMoMA, January, 2020.) And we can wallow in recent historical fiction about Judith Leyster, Sofonisba Anguissola, Lee Miller, and Dorothea Lange. And La Luministe, of course!

Greer: What can you tell us about your next book? 

Paula: I’m always reluctant to talk too much about my WIP. I’m of the school which holds that talking about a new book dilutes its strength. I need to keep all of my ideas percolating away in the back of my brain until they boil over onto the page. All I want to say is that my next book is about two rival American women artists. The idea of how there is only room for one outstanding woman in any given field, turning colleagues into competitors, is a construct that has no place in our world anymore. It never did.

And my question for you: What books did you read in your youth that might have led you to write about women detectives? The aforementioned Nancy Drew series? Or possibly From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler? Or maybe my favorite, Harriet the Spy?

Greer: I did read most of those (ah, Harriet) but the girl-detective series that will always be closest to my heart was Trixie Belden. My local library had every single book in the series except one — they’d been sent a book with the wrong cover and never gotten around to replacing it, but I checked it regularly, just in case. And it’s great to see real women detectives of the past — Constance Kopp in Amy Stewart’s Girl Waits With Gun and subsequent novels, Kate Warne in my novel Girl in Disguise — inspiring more of today’s fiction. As you mentioned, historical fiction about women artists is bringing their stories back into the spotlight. I’m thrilled by this trend toward biographical fiction inspired by women of the past — artists, detectives, spies, scientists, warriors, everyone — because so many of these are stories we should have been celebrating all along.

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Find out more about Paula and La Luministe at twitter.com/@pbutterwriter or paula-butterfield.com.